Main features

• Trace analysis of metals at 1µg/l level
• Analysis of organic compounds
• Ideal for quality and process control laboratory
• High versatility for research

Trace analysis have never been important than today where detection of heavy metals and other pollutant compounds requires a continuos surveillance in many samples like water, food, beverages etc. For the first time a high performance static mercury drop electrode and a COMPLETE COMPUTERISED TRACE ANALYSER have been put together in a single, compact enclosure to produce the most sophisticated instrument never conceived for polarographic and voltammetric research and applications.

The Model 433-A is a really complete unit requiring no external accessories to be put in work: just connect it to any personal computer and you are up and ready for your analysis.

The instrument in fact is supplied with a Windows© software without any price increase.

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The mercury valve, instrument's heart

Most of the exceptional performance of the 433 relies on the unique design of the mercury-dispensing device and capillary.

Any problems present in other similar instruments have been completely removed: no pressurisation, no mechanics in direct contact with mercury, perfect reproducibility of mercury drop, use of simple and easy replaceable capillaries grant a long working life with unaltered accuracy.

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A fully-equipped cell head

The supporting block contains a complete set of electrodes, two-way gas purging inlet/outlet, sample injection port and full sealing to insure a complete tightness of the cell (available in different materials and shapes).

A rotating-field magnetic stirrer provides accurate solution stirring during sample purging or anodic stripping. All parts in contact with the solution are made in Teflon®, Viton® or Silicone Rubber® for long life and minimum pollution of samples. The built-in electrodes can be easily removed for cleaning, refilling or to be replaced with external ones: for this purpose a set of connections is made available on the cell block itself.

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No longer mercury free on the lab!

The mercury reservoir is another unique AMEL innovation: made completely out of polypropilene, it is fully sealed with respect the outside ambient allowing safe operation under any condition without risks for ambient pollution. A plastic rotating cock allows complete isolation of the reservoir from the valve in order to replace the latter without empty the former. The large reservoir capacity (about 3 kg) allows months of continuous operation without refilling need; the tightness of the reservoir preserves the mercury from pollution and dust. The 433 can be moved around in the lab or even transported by car for short distances filled up without spillage risk!

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The application software

Application software allows to perform almost all presently known polarographic and voltammetric techniques including SQUARE WAVE, STRIPPING ANALYSIS, CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY, etc.

This package runs under WINDOWS® and requires at least a 486 PC fitted with a colour VGA monitor, 8 Mbytes of RAM MEMORY, 66 Mhz clock frequency, serial and a parallel port, a mouse and 3.x WINDOWS ® (or WINDOWS 95 ®) operating system.

This program allows to perform trace polarographic, voltammetric and stripping analysis with the greatest ease interfacing the instrument with a clear-menu driven sequence, options, graphic manipulations and file management using all features and advantages of windows operating system. The above program is supplied on a single HD 3,5 diskette and must be installed on the computer's Hard disk for execution and use.

Download Software DEMO for Windows 3.x and 95 (600Kb)

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Brand New Voltammetry Reference

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POLAROGRAPHY	VOLTAMMETRY	ANODIC STRIPPING
*.D.C.	*.D.C.	*.D.C.
*TAST	*Cyclic
*Normal Pulse	*Differential Pulse	*Differential Pulse
*Differential Pulse	*Square Wave	*Square Wave
	*Staircase

Fields of Application

In the following table we list the most important classes of ORGANIC COMPOUNDS which can be subjected to VOLTAMMETRIC or POLAROGRAPHIC analysis

ACIDS	Ascorbic, Fumaric, Maleic, Salicilic, Oxalic, Phtalic, NTA, EDTA, Lactic, Acetylsalycilic, Tartaric, Boric
ALDHEYDES	Formaldheyde,Benzoic, Citral
KETONES	Anthraquinone, Acetone
AROMATICS	Antioxidisers, Nitrobenzoic Acid, Butyl-cathecol and p-metoxiphenol, Chloroamphenicol, Phenylbutazone, Oxiphenbutazone
HALOGEN DERIVATES	DDT, Pesticides
ALCOHOLS	Diols, Quinhydrone
AMMINES	Hydrazine, Ammonia, Aniline, Pyridine
AMIDES	Thiourea, Phtalimide
SUGARS	Fructose
MISCELLANEOUS	Saccharine, Vanillin, Nicotine, Metylen-bisthiocyanate, Tetracycline, Liposoluble, Vitamins, Amino-acids, Theophylline, Veronal, Quinine, Bilirubin...

The principal application areas are listed:

FOODS	DRINKS: Lead, Cadmium, Chromium, Cobalt, Fructose, Saccaharine FRUIT JUICES: Vitamin C, Lead, Cadmium, Preservatives WINES: Lead, Cadmium, Copper, Sulphites, Fructose, Aminoacids OILS: Vitamins, Nickel, Antioxidisers, SO2MEAT: Lead, Nickel, Nitrates, Nitrites, ZincFRUITS: Vitamin C, Organic acidsCEREALS: Lead, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, IronMILK: Cadmium
WATERS	Lead, Cadmium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Nickel, Zinc, Tin, Molybdenum, Boric Acid, Saccharine, Formaldehyde, Cyanides, Bismuth, Antimony, Vanadium, Titanium, Manganese
MINERAL SOILS and METALLURGY	All Metals
COSMETICS and DETERGENTS	Preservatives, Lead, Cadmium, Formaldehyde, Arsenic, EDTA, NTA
PHARMACEUTICALS	Active principles, even in complex matrices. Chloroamphenicol, Tetracycline, Vitamins, Amino-acids, Theophylline, Veronal
BIOLOGY	Heavy metals in human blood and other biological fluids (urine)
MEDICINE	Bilirubin, Morphine

Potentiostat Output Voltage Compliance: ±12V Output Current: ±10mA Response Time: ±10µS i/E Converter Current Scales: Six decades ±20nA, ±2mA Output Signal at full scale: ±10V Response Time: ±10µS Filter Time Constant: 600mS Analog to Digital Converter Type: Successive Approximation Resolution:12bits, bipolar Conversion Time: 25µS typical Digital to AnalogConverter Resolution:16bits, bipolar Linearity: ±0.003% of full scale Settling Time: 3µS typical Output Signal: ±4.095V or ±2.047V Backing-off Converter Compensation Range: ±200% of full scale Resolution:8bits, bipolar Electrodes Capillary: Glass 135x6 mm. Bore 0.1 mm Counter Electrode: Platinum Wire 5x1 mm Reference: Ag-AgCI Filled with saturated KCl

Digital Interface Type: Serial standard RS-232C FULLY OPTO-INSULATED Lines: TX, RX, GND, RTS, CTS, DCD, DTR Baud Rates: 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600 Digital Section Microprocessor: Z80-A CPU (4MHz) Program Memory: C-MOS RAM 32Kx8 with backup battery (six months retention) Local Console: LCD alphanumeric display with two rows of 16 characters Setup Parameters Potential Ranges: ±2.047V or ±4.095V with 62.58µV or 125µV resolution Scan Increment: 62.5µV minimum Scan Rates: from 1µV/s up to about 300mV/s higher rates degrade resolution Pulse Height: ±2V with 62.5µV resolution Pulse Duration: up to 65s with 1ms increment Drop Size: 80 different sizes Drop Time: 1 to 10 seconds Purge Time: 0 to 30 minutes Stirring Time: 0 to 30 minutes Stirring Speed: 100 to 800 r.p.m. Replications: 1 to 256 Data Points: up to 6140 couples current-potential can be stored consecutivele Power Supply 110/220V a.c.: 40-60Hz: 60VA max Size and Weight Size: 200x300 mm; 390 mm height; Weigth: 10 kg without mercury and accessories

How to order

Model 433-A Trace Analyser Accessories and Replacement Parts Model 430/C Capillary Model 430/GC Standard Cell Model 430/TJ Thermostatic jacket cell Model 430/MC Microcell 1-2 ml Model 430/TE Teflon® Cell Model 430/LC Pyrex cup with Luggin capillary Model 430/UC External cell for solid electrodes Model 430/SSG/6J Ag-AgCl electrode for cell 430/MC and 430/LC Model 430/PM Pourous membrane

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